Diabetes: Diabetes is a series of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion or/and insulin action. Chronic hyperglycemia can cause a variety of tissues, especially eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular systems. Of long-term damage, functional defects and exhaustion.
FPG: Fasting plasma glucose/fasting blood glucose (FPG/FBG) refers to fasting plasma glucose/fasting blood glucose (FPG/FBG) after an overnight fast (at least 8-10 hours without any food, except drinking water), and before breakfast Blood, the tested blood sugar level, is the most commonly used indicator of diabetes, reflecting the function of pancreatic islet B cells, and generally represents the secretion function of basic insulin.
Impaired tolerance (IGT) is a state of abnormal glucose metabolism that transitions from normal blood sugar to diabetes, which is mainly manifested by increased blood sugar after a meal. The diagnostic criteria are: fasting blood glucose <6.1 mmol/l, and the plasma blood glucose level after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is between 7.8 and 11.1 mmol/l after 2 hours, which is called mono-IGT, such as fasting blood glucose of 6.1 to 7.0 mg Moles/L, it is called combined with abnormal fasting blood glucose. It is currently believed that almost all diabetic patients undergo IGT stage, so it is also called pre-diabetes. If the disease progresses and the postprandial blood glucose is greater than 11.1 mmol/L, it will enter the diabetes stage. :
Types of diabetes,
Type 1 diabetes-destruction of pancreatic islet B cells leads to absolute lack of insulin
Type 2 diabetes-predominantly insulin resistance with relative lack of insulin or impaired insulin secretion predominantly with insulin resistance
3 other specific types
4 Gestational Diabetes (GDM)
Gestational diabetes, the pregnancy of patients with diabetes before pregnancy, is called diabetes combined with pregnancy; the other is normal glucose metabolism or potential impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy, and diabetes occurs during pregnancy, also known as gestational diabetes (GDM). More than 80% of pregnant women with diabetes have GDM, and less than 20% of pregnant women with diabetes. Most of the glucose metabolism of GDM patients can return to normal after delivery, but the chance of developing type 2 diabetes will increase in the future. The clinical course of pregnant women with diabetes is complicated. It is more harmful to mothers and children and must be taken seriously.
Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as insulin-dependent diabetes, mostly occurs in children and adolescents, and can also occur at various ages. The onset is relatively rapid, the body's insulin is absolutely insufficient, and ketoacidosis is prone to occur. It must be treated with insulin to obtain a satisfactory effect, otherwise it will be life-threatening.